Invention of the Telephone
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Born on March 3, 1847, Alexander Graham Bell was an inventor, scientist, and innovator. He came up with and patented the first practical telephone. Bell’s father and grandfather engaged in a speech development program known as elocution, and as a result, Bell was inspired to study communication and speech. Bell’s extensive research work was also strongly influenced by the fact that his mother and wife were deaf. Although Bell patented the electromagnetic transfer of vocal sound, Antonio Meucci is credited as having created the very first telephone.
Alexander Graham Bell’s Early Life and Education
Bell was born in Edinburg, Scotland to Eliza Grace and Professor Alexander Melville Bell. He had two brothers, Melville and Edward Bell. Bell received early schooling from his father, and then proceeded to study at the Royal High School Edinburg Scotland until the age of 15. While at school, Bell did not take much interest in any other subjects apart from the sciences. After completing high school, Bell went to live with his grandfather in London. At the age of 17, Bell joined the University of Edinburg, but did not write his exams at the specified time since he and his family moved to Canada. When he finally completed his exams, he passed and was admitted at the University College of London. Bell was married to Mabel Hubbard on July 11, 1877.
Alexander Graham Bell’s Career
Bell was naturally curious of his surroundings from a very young age. He even created a simple de-husking device at the age of 12. The device was used for many year’s at his friend’s family grain mill. He then started showing interest in sound and sound devices. In 1863, Bell’s father arranged a trip for Bell to see an automaton. It had been developed by Sir Charles Whitestone. The machine, which simulated human voice, impressed the young Bell, who later became a professor in elocution at Boston University. Subsequently, Bell started performing experiments on sound and even built his first automaton head. Alexander eventually began using electricity to transmit sound, and also installed a telegraph wire to assist in his experiments of transmitting sound from one place to another.
By 1874, Bell’s experiments became greatly successful. One such experiment was on the phonautograph, which was a machine that could use vibrations to draw shapes on a piece of glass. In 1875, Bell developed an acoustic telegraph (telephone) and applied for it to be patented. Afterwards, on March 10, 1876, he succeeded in making his telephone work. Subsequently, over 145,000 people in the United States possessed a telephone by 1886. The invention of the telephone received various awards such as the Albert Medal, the John Fritz Medal, and the Eliot Cresson Medal .
Death and Legacy
Bell died on August 2, 1922 at his estate in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, after battling diabetes. The Bell Memorial stands in Brantford, Ontario to commemorate the invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell.
The telephone is a very common device for communicating over a distance. With a telephone, a person can talk almost instantly with someone on the other side of the world. Most telephones are linked to each other by wires. Others, such as cell phones, are connected by invisible radio waves that travel through the air.
A traditional telephone depends on wires to send sound. Ithas a handset and a base that are connected by a cord. The handset isthe part that a person holds to make or answer a call. One end of the handset has a microphone fortalking. The other end has a small loudspeaker for listening. The base connects the telephone to anelectric current through a wire.
When the caller speaks into a telephone, the microphone changes the sound of the person’s voice into an electric signal. The base sends out the signal through its wire. How the signal travels from there depends on where the call is going. It can remain an electric current, passing through wires and cables. It can travel through thin glass fibers in the form of light. This way of sending information is called fiber optics. Or the signal can be changed into radio waves and sent through the air by antennas and satellites. When the signal reaches the telephone at the other end, its loudspeaker changes it back into the sound of the caller’s voice.
A cordless telephone is more convenient than a traditional telephone. It does not have a cord connecting the handset and the base. It allows a person to walk around the house while talking.
A cordless telephone uses both electric signals and radio waves. The base receives the call as an electric signal, like a corded phone does. Manager files for mac. Then the base turns the electric signal into radio waves. Using an antenna, the base sends the waves through the air to the handset. The handset’s antenna picks up the waves. Then the handset turns the waves back into sound.
Cellular telephones, or cell phones, are even more convenient than cordless phones because they work over a much wider area. Because of this, in some places they are called mobile phones. They send and receive calls using radio waves.
Cell-phone companies divide up an area, such as a city, into sections called cells. Each cell has a tower for receiving and sending out radio waves. If a caller travels from one cell into another, the call switches from tower to tower. This means that a cell phone can work anyplace that the cell-phone company’s network reaches. Cell-phone networks can stretch across an entire country.
Telephone Lyrics
A cell phone sends out a special signal whenever it is turned on. The signal lets the network know where to send the calls that come to that phone.
Many cell phones can do things other than make calls. Microsoft word 11 for mac. Most can send text messages to other cell phones. Many can take photographs, play music, get information from the Internet, and send and receive e-mail. Certain kinds, called smartphones, also run computer programs called applications, or apps. Apps let people play games, shop, read, get maps and directions, set appointments, and do many other tasks. For those reasons, smartphones are like handheld computers.
Telephone Number
Not everyone agrees who invented the telephone. However, Alexander Graham Bell usually gets the credit. In 1876 he sent thefirst words by telephone. Later that year Bell made the first long-distance call. He talked with hisassistant, who was 2 miles (3.2 kilometers) away. By 1915 people could place telephone calls acrossthe United States. Boot keys for mac. Telephone service across the Atlantic Ocean began in 1927. The first cell phones appeared in thelate 1970s.
At about the same time advances in electronics made telephones usefulfor more than just talking. Fax machines became common in the 1970s.They use telephone wires to send words and pictures. Today many computers connect to the Internetthrough telephone lines.